Tafsir alTustari Sura الفاتحة Ayah No. 6

Guide us to the straight path. He [Sahl] was asked, ‘Has not God already guided us to the straight path?’ He replied:That is so, but this refers to seeking more from Him, as He has said: and with Us there is yet more [50:35]. [Thus] what is meant by His words Guide us is: ‘Support us with Your aid (maʿūna) and empowerment (tamkīn)’.On another occasion he said that Guide us (ihdinā) means:Guide us (arshidnā) to the religion of Islam, which is the way to You, through assistance from You, which is insight (baṣīra), for we cannot be guided except through You, just as he [Moses] said: ‘Perhaps my Lord will show me the right way’ [28:22], that is, ‘Guide me to pursue the path that leads to Him’.I heard Sahl relate on the authority of Muḥammad b. Sawwār from Sufyān, who heard it from Salīm, who was told by Abū al-Jaʿd from Thawbān, who narrated that the Messenger of God

said:God says: ‘I have divided the prayer between Me and My servant into two halves. Half of it is for Me and the other half is for My servant, and My servant gets what he asks for.’ Thus, when the servant says, Praise be to God, Lord of the Worlds, God, Exalted is He, says, ‘My servant has praised and thanked Me.’ When he says, the Merciful, the Compassionate, [God says], ‘My servant has extolled Me’. And when he says, Master of the Day of Judgement, [God says], ‘My servant has glorified Me. These verses are for Me and for My servant is what he asks for [in the verses that come] after, as when he says, You [alone] we worship, and You [alone] do we ask for help. ! Guide us to the straight path, until the end of the sūra.’ God, Mighty and Majestic is He, says: ‘These verses are for My servant and My servant shall receive what he asks for.’ Sahl said:The meaning of ‘My servant has glorified Me’ here is: ‘He has attributed abundant beneficence (iḥsān) and munificence (inʿām) to Me’.Sahl related on the authority of Mujāhid:Āmīn is one of the names of God, Exalted is He. Ibn ʿAbbās y said, ‘The Christians have never envied you anything as much as your saying Āmīn.’ Muḥammad b. Sawwār related from Ibn ʿUyayna from ʿAmr b. Dīnār on the authority of Jābir b. ʿAbd Allāh

, who related that the Messenger of God

said, ‘Keep to the straight path, [though] you will not be able to encompass [all good actions]. Know that the best of your actions is prayer, and [indeed] only a believer observes ablution carefully. Whenever the imam says, Nor [the path] of those who go astray [1:7], you should say, ‘Āmīn’, for God is pleased with the one who says it, and He accepts his prayer and responds to his supplication.’Al-Zuhrī related from Ibn al-Musayyab on the authority of Abū Hurayra

that the Prophet said, ‘When the imam says, Nor [the path] of those who go astray, say ‘Āmīn’, for truly the angels say ‘Āmīn’, and the one whose pronouncement of ‘Āmīn’ is simultaneous with that of the angels will be forgiven for all his previous sins.’

Tafsīr al-Tustarī, trans. Annabel Keeler and Ali Keeler
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