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1 Al-Fâtihah ( الفاتحة )
2 Al-Baqarah ( البقرة )
3 Âl ‘Imrân ( آل عمران )
4 An-Nisâ’ ( النساء )
5 Al-Mâ’idah ( المائدة )
6 Al-An‘âm ( الأنعام )
7 Al-A‘râf ( الأعراف )
8 Al-Anfâl ( الأنفال )
9 At-Tawbah ( التوبة )
10 Yûnus ( يونس )
11 Hûd ( هود )
12 Yûsuf ( يوسف )
13 Ar-Ra‘d ( الرعد )
14 Ibrâhîm ( إبراهيم )
15 Al-Hijr ( الحجر )
16 An-Nahl ( النحل )
17 Al-Isrâ’ ( الإسراء )
18 Al-Kahf ( الكهف )
19 Maryam ( مريم )
20 Tâ-Hâ ( طه )
21 Al-Anbiyâ’ ( الأنبياء )
22 Al-Hajj ( الحج )
23 Al-Mu’minûn ( المؤمنون )
24 An-Nûr ( النور )
25 Al-Furqân ( الفرقان )
26 Ash-Shu‘arâ’ ( الشعراء )
27 An-Naml ( النمل )
28 Al-Qasas ( القصص )
29 Al-‘Ankabût ( العنكبوت )
30 Ar-Rûm ( الروم )
31 Luqmân ( لقمان )
32 As-Sajdah ( السجدة )
33 Al-Ahzâb ( الأحزاب )
34 Saba’ ( سبأ )
35 Fâtir ( فاطر )
36 Yâ-Sîn ( يس )
37 As-Sâffât ( الصافات )
38 Sâd ( ص )
39 Az-Zumar ( الزمر )
40 Ghâfir ( غافر )
41 Fussilat ( فصلت )
42 Ash-shûrâ ( الشورى )
43 Az-Zukhruf ( الزخرف )
44 Ad-Dukhân ( الدخان )
45 Al-Jâthiyah ( الجاثية )
46 Al-Ahqâf ( الأحقاف )
47 Muhammad ( محمد )
48 Al-Fath ( الفتح )
49 Al-Hujurât ( الحجرات )
50 Qâf ( ق )
51 Adh-Dhâriyât ( الذاريات )
52 At-Tûr ( الطور )
53 An-Najm ( النجم )
54 Al-Qamar ( القمر )
55 Ar-Rahmân ( الرحمن )
56 Al-Wâqi‘ah ( الواقعة )
57 Al-Hadîd ( الحديد )
58 Al-Mujâdilah ( المجادلة )
59 Al-Hashr ( الحشر )
60 Al-Mumtahanah ( الممتحنة )
61 As-Saff ( الصف )
62 Al-Jumu‘ah ( الجمعة )
63 Al-Munâfiqûn ( المنافقون )
64 At-Taghâbun ( التغابن )
65 At-Talâq ( الطلاق )
66 At-Tahrîm ( التحريم )
67 Al-Mulk ( الملك )
68 Al-Qalam ( القلم )
69 Al-Hâqqah ( الحاقة )
70 Al-Ma‘ârij ( المعارج )
71 Nûh ( نوح )
72 Al-Jinn ( الجن )
73 Al-Muzzammil ( المزمل )
74 Al-Muddaththir ( المدثر )
75 Al-Qiyâmah ( القيامة )
76 Al-Insân ( الإنسان )
77 Al-Mursalât ( المرسلات )
78 An-Naba’ ( النبأ )
79 An-Nâzi‘ât ( النازعات )
80 ‘Abasa ( عبس )
81 At-Takwîr ( التكوير )
82 Al-Infitâr ( الانفطار )
83 Al-Mutaffifîn ( المطففين )
84 Al-Inshiqâq ( الانشقاق )
85 Al-Burûj ( البروج )
86 At-Târiq ( الطارق )
87 Al-A‘lâ ( الأعلى )
88 Al-Ghâshiyah ( الغاشية )
89 Al-Fajr ( الفجر )
90 Al-Balad ( البلد )
91 Ash-Shams ( الشمس )
92 Al-Layl ( الليل )
93 Ad-Dhuhâ ( الضحى )
94 Al-Sharh ( الشرح )
95 At-Tîn ( التين )
96 Al-‘Alaq ( العلق )
97 Al-Qadr ( القدر )
98 Al-Bayyinah ( البينة )
99 Al-Zalzalah ( الزلزلة )
100 Al-‘Âdiyât ( العاديات )
101 Al-Qâri‘ah ( القارعة )
102 At-Takâthur ( التكاثر )
103 Al-‘Asr ( العصر )
104 Al-Humazah ( الهمزة )
105 Al-Fîl ( الفيل )
106 Quraysh ( قريش )
107 Al-Mâ‘ûn ( الماعون )
108 Al-Kawthar ( الكوثر )
109 Al-Kâfirûn ( الكافرون )
110 An-Nasr ( النصر )
111 Al-Masad ( المسد )
112 Al-Ikhlâs ( الاخلاص )
113 Al-Falaq ( الفلق )
114 An-Nâs ( الناس )
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Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Asbab Al-Nuzul by Al-Wahidi
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فَإِذَا لَقِيتُمُ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ فَضَرْبَ ٱلرِّقَابِ حَتَّىٰ إِذَآ أَثْخَنتُمُوهُمْ فَشُدُّواْ ٱلْوَثَاقَ فَإِمَّا مَنًّا بَعْدُ وَإِمَّا فِدَآءً حَتَّىٰ تَضَعَ ٱلْحَرْبُ أَوْزَارَهَا ذَلِكَ وَلَوْ يَشَآءُ اللَّهُ لاَنْتَصَرَ مِنْهُمْ وَلَـٰكِن لِّيَبْلُوَاْ بَعْضَكُمْ بِبَعْضٍ وَٱلَّذِينَ قُتِلُواْ فِي سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ فَلَن يُضِلَّ أَعْمَالَهُمْ
٤
-Muhammad ( محمد )
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Tafsir al-Jalalayn
So when you encounter [in battle] those who disbelieve, then [attack them with] a striking of the necks (fa-darba’l-riqābi is a verbal noun in place of the [full] verbal construction, that is to say, fa’dribū riqābahum, ‘then strike their necks’), in other words, slay them — reference is made to the ‘striking of the necks’ because the predominant cause of being slayed is to be struck in the neck. Then, when you have made thoroughly decimated them, bind, spare them, take them captive and bind firmly, the bonds (al-wathāq is what is used to bind [yūthaqu] a captive). Thereafter either [set them free] by grace (mannan is a verbal noun in place of the [full] verbal construction), that is to say, either show them grace by setting them free unconditionally; or by ransom, ransoming them with payment or with Muslim captives, until the war, that is to say, its participants, lay down its burdens, its heavy loads of weaponry and other things, so that either the disbelievers surrender or enter into a treaty. This [last clause] constitutes the ‘purpose’ of [enjoining the Muslims to] slaying and taking captive. So [shall it be] (dhālika is the predicate of an implied subject, [such as] al-amr, ‘the ordinance’, in other words, ‘the ordinance [of God] regarding them is as mentioned’). And had God willed, He could have [Himself] taken vengeance on them, without any fighting, but, He has commanded you to [do] it, that He may test some of you by means of others, from among them, by way of battle, so that the slain among you will end up in Paradise, while those [slain] among them [will end up] in the Fire. And those who are slain (qutilū: a variant reading has qātalū, ‘those who fight’) — this verse was revealed on the day of [the battle of] Uhud, after the dead and the wounded had become numerous among the Muslims — in the way of God, He will not let their works go to waste, He will [not] render [them] void.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn, trans. Feras Hamza
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